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Ecuador, located in the western part of South America, right along the Pacific Ocean, is situated between Peru and Colombia. It holds significant geographical importance due to its location and neighboring countries, with Colombia to the north, Peru to the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.
In the early 15th century, the foundations of the Republic of Ecuador were laid through the amalgamation of five indigenous cultures in the mountainous regions and two indigenous cultures living along the coast. During that time, Quito, which is the present-day capital, became an important Inca city and a commercial center. In 1531, Spanish explorer Francisco Pizarro settled on the current shores of Ecuador. Ecuador officially became an independent state on May 13, 1830, after facing numerous internal conflicts and civil wars.
The country, operating under a presidential republic system, is administratively divided into 22 regions. Quito, the capital of the country, is one of Ecuador's oldest settlements. Other significant cities besides the capital include Guayaquil, Cuenca, Machala, and Portoviejo. While Spanish is the official language, indigenous languages are widely spoken among the population.
Ecuador has a population of approximately 11.5 million, and its official currency is the Sucre. The country's main source of income is agriculture, with Ecuador ranking first globally in banana exports. The country, suitable for a tropical climate, exports various agricultural products, including rubber, sugarcane, oranges, coconuts, rice, coffee, and cocoa. With a well-developed industry, Ecuador also generates income from petroleum products, chemicals, fabrics, and textiles.
Finally, Ecuador stands out among countries worth visiting in terms of tourism, especially attracting many tourists during months with normal temperatures. Particularly, the coastal areas, known as Costa, are the most important places generating income from tourism. The significant variation in climate, especially the high altitude, greatly influences Ecuador's climate. While a humid tropical climate prevails throughout the country, approaching the Andes Mountains reveals the effects of a continental climate. The temperatures on the Pacific coasts are much higher compared to the inland areas.
Noteworthy festivals in the country include Mama Negra in November and Otavalo in June. Ecuador's cuisine, diverse in terms of types of dishes and tropical fruits, is both unique to the country and holds a significant place in world cuisine due to its agricultural richness.
Ecuador's cuisine, featuring a blend of South American culture and flavors, includes dishes seasoned with special spices and sauces that are incredibly tasty. One of the most famous dishes, Locro de papa, is a soup made with avocado, potatoes, and cheese. Another traditional dish, Ceviche, is a delightful seafood cocktail. Pork, chicken, beef, various grains, potatoes, and rice are among the main ingredients used in the preparation of many dishes.